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The PBM Racket: How CVS, Cigna, and UnitedHealth Extracted $116 Billion From Your Prescriptions

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Pharmacy benefit managers — CVS Caremark, Express Scripts, and OptumRx — extract an estimated $116 billion annually from U.S. drug supply chains through spread pricing, retroactive clawbacks, and vertical integration. The FTC called it 'deeply troubling.' Here's how the scheme works and why Congress won't fix it.